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Årsaker til akutt nyresvikt/nyreskade

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Akutt nyresvikt/nyrskade er vanligvis del av en tilstand der mange organer i kroppen svikter, og nyrene er ofte det første organet som svikter. Alvorlige tilfeller av akutt nyresvikt skyldes i færre enn 5 prosent av tilfellene en isolert medisinsk tilstand. Det skilles mellom årsaker som befinner seg utenfor nyrer og urinveier (prerenal), i nyrene (renal) eller i urinveiene (postrenal).

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Prerenale årsaker utgjør 40-80 prosent av tilfellene, og den vanligste årsaken er sjokk, dvs. uvanlig stort blod- eller væsketap. Renale årsaker utgjør 10-50 prosent, og 85 prosent av disse tilfellene skyldes en ødeleggelse av samlerørsystemene i glomeruli, såkalt akutt tubulær nekrose - en tilstand som oppstår som følge av nedsatt blodgjennomstrømming i nyrene eller giftstoffer som skader nyrene. Postrenale årsaker utgjør 10 prosent, og den viktigste årsaken er trange urinveier, for eksempel ved forstørret prostatakjertel.

Vil du vite mer

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Nyreskade, akutt . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

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