Hopp til innhold
NHI.no
Annonse

Har probiotika gunstige effekter?

Innhold i artikkelen

Det er stor uenighet om probiotika er nyttig i behandlingen og forebyggingen av ulike sykdommer. Selv om det er utført mye forskning på området, er kvaliteten på de utførte studiene ofte mangelfull og få personer har inngått i studiene. Det er dessuten et betydelig antall ulike bakterieblandinger som har vært benyttet, slik at det er vanskelig å si hvilke blandinger som virker best. Dagens kunnskap kan tyde på at det er produkter som inneholder LGG (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG), som har best effekt. 

Annonse

En lang rekke probiotiske produkter markedsføres på deres evne til å lindre eller helbrede flere forskjellige sykdommer, selv om bevisene i mange tilfeller er mangelfulle. Det finnes ingen beviser for at probiotika har en gunstig effekt på friske mennesker.

Vil du vite mer

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Probiotika . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

  1. Schrezenmeir J, de Vrese M. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics - approaching a definition. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73(suppl 2):361S-4S.
  2. Barton GM, Medzhitov R. Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Science 2003; 300: 1524-5. PubMed
  3. Glintborg B, Mertz Nielsen A. Probiotisk terapi: virkningsmekanismer og indikationer ved sygdomme i gastrointestinalkanalen hos voksne. Ugeskr Læger 2004; 165: 135-9. PubMed
  4. Heyman M, Ménard S. Probiotic microorganisms: how they affect intestinal patophysiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2002;59:1151-65. PubMed
  5. Khailova L, Baird CH, Rush AA, et al.. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG treatment improves intestinal permeability and modulates inflammatory response and homeostasis of spleen and colon in experimental model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Clin Nutr 2016; Oct 1: S0261-5614(16)31265-1. pmid:27745813 PubMed
  6. Axelsson LT, Chung TC, Dobrogosz WJ et al. Production of a broad spectrum antimicrobial substance by lactobacillus reuteri. Microbial Ecol Health Dis 1989;2:131-6. PubMed
  7. Moll GN, Konings WN, Driessen AJM. Bacteriocins: mechanism of mem- brane insertion and pore formation. Antonie van Leeuwenhoeck 1999;76: 185-98. PubMed
  8. Mukai T, Asasaka T, Sato E et al. Inhibition of binding of Helicobacter pylori to the glycolipid receptors by probiotic lactobacillus reuteri. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2002;32:105-10. PubMed
  9. Bernet MF, Brassart D, Neeser JR et al. Lactobacillus acidophilus LA 1 binds to cultured human intestinal cell lines and inhibits cell attachment and cell invasion by enterovirulent bacteria. Gut 1994;35:483-9. Gut
  10. Brandão RL, Castro IM, Bambirra EA et al. Intracellular signal triggered by cholera toxin in saccharomyces boulardii and saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Environ Microbiol 1998;64:564-8. PubMed
  11. Czerucka D, Roux I, Rampal P. Saccharomyces boulardii inhibits secretagogue-mediated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate induction in intestinal cells. Gastroenterology 1994;106:65-72. Gastroenterology
  12. Kaila M, Isolauri E, Soppi E et al. Enhancement of the circulating antibody secreting cell response in human diarrhea by a human lactobacillus strain. Pediatr Res 1992;32:141-4. PubMed
  13. Yasui H, Shida K, Matsuzuki T et al. Immunomodulatory function of lactic acid bacteria. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 1999;76:383-9. PubMed
  14. Maassen CBM, van Holten-Neelen C, Balk F et al. Strain-dependent induction of cytokine profiles in the gut by orally administered lactobacillus strains. Vaccine 2000;18:2613-23. PubMed
  15. Tejada-Simon MV, Pestka JJ. Proinflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide induction in murine macrophages by cell wall and cytoplasmic extracts of lactic acid bacteria. J Food Prot 1999;62:1435-44. PubMed
  16. Isolauri E, Sütas Y, Kankaanpää P et al. Probiotics: effects on immunity. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73(suppl 2):444S-50S.
  17. Sheih YH, Chiang BL, Wang LH et al. Systemic immunity-enhancing effects in healthy subjects following dietary consumption of the lactic acid bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001. J Am Coll Nutr 2001;20:149-56. PubMed
  18. Chiang BL, Sheih YH, Wang LH et al. Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of probiotic lactic acid bacterium (bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000;54:849-55. PubMed
  19. Sartor RB, Lamont JT, Grover S, et al. Probiotics for gastrointestinal diseases. UpToDate, last updated 24.8.2015. www.uptodate.com
  20. Huang H, Song L, Zhao W. Effects of probiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in adult women: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2014 Jun;289(6):1225-34. doi: 10.1007/s00404-013-3117-0. DOI
  21. Ya W, Reifer C, Miller LE. Efficacy of vaginal probiotic capsules for recurrent bacterial vaginosis: a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 203: 120. PubMed
  22. D'Souza AL, Rajkumar C, Cooke J et al. Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis. BMJ 2002;324:1361-4. British Medical Journal
  23. Olek A, Woynarowski M, Ahren IL, et al.. Efficacy and Safety of Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 (LP299V) in the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children-Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. J Pediatr 2017. pmid:28438377 PubMed
  24. Davidson LE, Calderwood SB, Baron EL. Clostridium difficile and probiotics. UpToDate, last updated Apr 10, 2017 www.uptodate.com
  25. Oksanen PJ, Salminen S, Saxelin M et al. Prevention of travellers' diarrhoea by lactobacillus GG. Ann Med 1990;22:53-6. PubMed
  26. Kollaritsch H, Holst H, Grobara P et al. Prophylaxe der Reisediarrhöe mit Saccharomyces Boulurdaii. Fortschr Med 1993;111:152-6. PubMed
  27. Katelaris PH, Salam I, Farthing MG. Lactobacillus to prevent traveler's diarrhea? N Engl J Med 1995;333:1360-1. New England Journal of Medicine
  28. Hilton E, Kolakowski P, Singer C et al. Efficacy of lactobacillus GG as a diarrheal preventive in travelers. J Trav Med 1997;4:41-3. PubMed
  29. Sazawal S, Hiremath G, Dhingra U, Malik P, Deb S, Black RE. Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhea: A meta-analysis of masked, randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis 2006; 6: 374-82. PubMed
  30. O'Mahony L, Feeney M, O'Halloran S et al. Probiotic impact on microbial flora, inflammation and tumor development in IL-10 knockout mice. Alimet Pharmacol Ther 2001;15:1219-25. PubMed
  31. Losurdo G, Iannone A, Contaldo A, et al. . Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in Ulcerative Colitis Treatment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2015; Dec;24(4): 499-505. pmid:26697577 PubMed
  32. Holubar SD, Cima RR, Sandborn WJ, et al.. Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 2010. pmid:20556748 PubMed
  33. Michetti P, Dorta G, Wiesel PH et al. Effect of whey-based culture supernatant of lactobacillus acidophilus (johnsonii) La1 on Helicobacter pylori infection in humans. Digestion 1999;60:203-9. PubMed
  34. Canducci F, Armuzzi A, Cremonini F et al. A lyophilized and inactivated culture of lactobacillus acidophilus increases Helicobacter pylori eradication rates. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1625-9. PubMed
  35. Felley CP, Corthésy-Theulaz I, Blanco Rivero J-L et al. Favorable effect of an acidified milk (LC-1) on helicobacter pylori gastritis in man. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001;13:25-9. PubMed
  36. Crowe SE, Feldman M, Grover S, et al. Treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori. UpToDate, last updated May 31, 2017 www.uptodate.com
  37. Halpern GM, Prindiville T, Blankenburg M et al. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with lacteol fort: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91:1579-85. PubMed
  38. Nobaek S, Johansson M-L, Molin G et al. Alteration of intestinal microflora is associated with reduction in abdominal bloating and pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:1231-8. PubMed
  39. O'Sullivan MA, O'Morain CA. Bacterial supplementation in the irritable bowel syndrome. A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Digest Liver Dis 2000;32:294-301. PubMed
  40. Niedzielin K, Kordecki H, Birkenfeld B. A controlled double-blind, randomized study on the efficacy of lactobacillus plantarum 299V in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001;13:1143-7. PubMed
  41. Drouault-Holowacz S, Bieuvelet S, Burckel A, et al.. A double blind randomized controlled trial of a probiotic combination in 100 patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2008; 32(2): 147. pmid:18387426 PubMed
  42. Levri KM, Ketvertis K, Deramo M, et al.. Do probiotics reduce adult lactose intolerance? A systematic review. J Fam Pract 2005; 54(7): 613. pmid:16009090 PubMed
  43. Pimentel M, Lamont JT, Grover S. Treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. UpToDate, last updated Oct 24, 2016 www.uptodate.com
  44. West C, Prescott S. Prebiotics and probiotics for prevention of allergic disease. UpToDate, last updated Oct 17, 2017 www.uptodate.com
  45. Makrgeorgou A, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath-Hextall FJ, et al. Probiotics for treating eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Nov 21;11:CD006135. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006135.pub3. DOI
Annonse
Annonse