Årsaker til psoriasis
Årsaken til betennelsen i huden, og den derav følgende overdrevne veksten av keratinocytter, er ikke fullstendig klarlagt. Det drives mye forskning, og de fleste ekspertene antar idag at det er et samspill mellom arvelige forhold (genetikk) og endringer i immunforsvaret.
Arv spiller en sentral rolle. I hele befolkningen har bare to prosent psoriasis, men cirka 35 prosent av psoriasispasientene har nære slektninger med sykdommen. Dersom en av foreldrene har psoriasis, har barnet litt økt risiko, men dersom begge foreldrene har tilstanden, er sjansen betydelig økt. De fleste ekspertene mener at det er en kombinasjon av mindre feil i flere ulike gener som disponerer for å få psoriasis.
Autoimmun sykdom
Psoriasis er en autoimmun betennelsessykdom. T-celler i immunsystemet flyter rundt i kroppen og forsvarer oss mot fremmede substanser som virus og bakterier. Ved psoriasis angriper T-cellene feilaktig hudceller som om de skal bidra til å tilhele et sår eller bekjempe en infeksjon. De overaktive T-cellene øker produksjonen av friske hudceller, men også produksjonen av flere T-celler og nøytrofile hvite blodceller. T-cellene og de nøytrofile cellene skaper betennelse i huden. Den økte produksjonen av hudceller gjør at cellene beveger seg altfor raskt ut til hudens overflate - i løpet av dager i stedet for uker. Hudcellene dør og bygger opp tykke, skjellende plakk på hudens overflate. Hvorfor T-cellene ikke fungerer normalt, er ikke helt klarlagt. Forskerne tror at både genetiske og miljømessige faktorer spiller en rolle.
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Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Psoriasis . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor
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