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Sigdcelleanemi: Behandling

Personer som er bærere av genfeilen behøver ingen behandling eller oppfølging. Det advares riktig nok mot ekstreme utmattelser i store høyder (uttørring og lite oksygen) på grunn av en teoretisk økt risiko for å få tette blodårer. Utenom dette kan bærere leve som alle andre. 

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Den eneste behandlingen som kan helbrede sigdcelleanemi er beinmargstransplantasjon. Dette er krevende behandling, som først og fremst er et tilbud til barn med sykdommen. Også voksne behandles i økende grad med transplantasjon dersom det finnes ressurser til det. 

For de som ikke kan transplanteres består behandlingen av kontroller og oppfølging. Mange behandles med gjentatte blodoverføringer for å skifte ut mest mulig av de syke røde blodcellene. I tillegg finnes det ulike medisiner som kan lindre akutte anfall, og til en viss grad redusere antall og alvorlighet av anfallene. Mest brukt er medikamentet hydroksyurea. 

Ellers er det viktig å unngå infeksjoner, uttørring, kulde og stress. Rikelig væskeinntak er viktig.

Pasienter med sigdcelleanemi følges av spesialister i blodsykdommer. Det er nødvendig med tett oppfølging og god behandling av akutte episoder. 

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Sigdcelleanemi . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

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