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Allergiforebygging hos spedbarn?: Miljøtiltak

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Mange forskjellige miljøfaktorer kan påvirke risikoen for at allergisk sykdom utvikles. Det er påvist en klar sammenheng mellom eksposisjon for husstøvmidd og katt og utvikling av overømfindtlighet (sensibilisering), og mellom sensibilisering og senere utvikling av sykdom - særlig blant allergidisponerte barn. Foreløpige resultater fra studier tyder på at redusert nivå av husstøvmiddallergen gir nedsatt risiko for astmasymptomer i første leveår. Men også her finnes studier som viser at tidlig eksponering for dyr, minsker risikoen for utvikling av dyreallergi.

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Eksposisjon for tobakksrøyk gir økt risiko for luftveissymptomer i form av infeksjoner, gjentatte episoder med astmatisk bronkitt, vedvarende astma og nedsatt lungefunksjon. Det finnes dog ikke bevis for at eksposisjon for tobakksrøyk medfører økt risiko for allergisk sensibilisering. Barn bør ikke utsettes for tobakksrøyk, spesielt ikke i spedbarnsperioden (første leveår) og i fosterstadiet.

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Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Allergiforebygging . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

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