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Moderne forskning på leddgikt og fremtidspektiv

Høy forskningsaktivitet de siste tiårene gjør at vi vet stadig mer om leddgikt. Mer kunnskap vil kunne gi nye metoder for å angripe sykdommen ved hjelp av medisiner.

Mikropskop

Sist oppdatert:

22. mai 2019

Innhold i artikkelen

Høy forskningsaktivitet

I løpet av de siste tiårene har vår kunnskap om immunsystemet, genetikk og celler økt enormt. Dette har blant annet gjort at vi idag vet mye mer om leddgikt enn bare for noen år tilbake. Men selv om vi vet i ganske stor detalj hvordan sykdommen utvikler seg, vet vi svært lite om hvordan og hvorfor den begynner. Det foregår store forskningsprosjekter for å få enda bedre forståelse av leddgikt, noe som forhåpentligvis vil kunne gi bedre medisiner og kanskje hindre sykdommen fullstendig.

Annonse

Immunforsvaret

Leddgikt er åpenbart nært knyttet opp mot immunforsvaret. Tilstanden regnes som en autoimmun sykdom. Mye forskning drives derfor mot å forstå bedre hvilken rolle immunforsvaret spiller i sykdommen, og hvilke stoffer som er involvert. Mer kunnskap om dette vil kanskje kunne gi nye metoder for å angripe sykdommen ved hjelp av medisiner som er mer effektive og har færre bivirkninger.

Genetikk

Forskerne antar at om lag halvparten av de personene som får leddgikt, har en genetisk disposisjon. Bedre kunnskap om hvilke gener som forårsaker dette, vil kunne gi viktig informasjon om hvordan sykdommen oppstår, og kanskje muliggjøre effektiv behandling av leddgikt med genterapi.

Infeksjon

Mange forskere mener at det er en infeksjon med virus eller bakterier som utløser leddgiktsykdommen - en autoimmun reaksjon - hos dem som er genetisk disponerte. Det foregår derfor mye forskning for å finne denne organismen. Man kan tenke seg at dersom den blir funnet, vil det kunne være mulig å utvikle en vaksine som hindrer smitte eller helbreder sykdommen.

Hormoner og nervesystemet

Kroppens immunforsvar er nøye forbundet med reguleringen av hormoner og nervesystemet. Det kan virke som om naturlige svingninger i mengden av enkelte hormoner har innflytelse på sykdomsaktiviteten ved leddgikt. Man vet at kvinner har høyere forekomst av leddgikt enn menn, og at de fleste kvinner blir bedre under graviditet. I tillegg har den psykiske helsen stor innflytelse på sykdomsaktiviteten og på hvordan den arter seg. Alt dette tyder på et intrikat samspill mellom ulike "systemer" i kroppen. Bedre forståelse av dette samspillet vil kunne gi ny kunnskap om sykdommen, og kanskje nye angrepsvinklinger for behandling.

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Revmatoid artritt . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

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