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Årsaker til diabetes

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Diabetes type 1 skyldes at immunforsvaret ødelegger cellene i bukspyttkjertelen som produserer insulin (det er en autoimmun sykdom). Diabetes type 2 skyldes at kroppen produserer for lite insulin, eller at insulinet virker for dårlig. Svangerskapsdiabetes (redusert toleranse for glukose) oppstår oftest hos personer som fra før har et blodsukker i øvre grenseområde. 

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Risikogrupper. Enkelte faktorer øker risikoen for utvikling av svangerskapsdiabetes. Dette gjelder blant annet alder over 35 år, forekomst av diabetes type 1- og 2 i nærmeste slekt, overvekt, tidligere svangerskapsdiabetes eller tidligere komplikasjoner i svangerskap eller ved fødsel som kan settes i sammenheng med svangerskapsdiabetes, eksempelvis svangerskapsforgiftning. Svangerskapsdiabetes forekommer omtrent seks ganger hyppigere hos kvinner fra Afrika eller Asia sammenlignet med etnisk norske kvinner. 

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Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Diabetes i svangerskap . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

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